{"id":11227,"date":"2021-05-06T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-05-06T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lmic-cimt.ca\/?p=11227"},"modified":"2025-10-07T13:01:47","modified_gmt":"2025-10-07T17:01:47","slug":"femmes-racialisees-un-double-desavantage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lmic-cimt.ca\/fr\/femmes-racialisees-un-double-desavantage\/","title":{"rendered":"Femmes racialis\u00e9es : un double d\u00e9savantage"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n\t

Depuis juillet 2020<\/a>, l\u2019Enqu\u00eate sur la population active (EPA) du Canada demande aux r\u00e9pondants d\u2019indiquer s\u2019ils appartiennent \u00e0 l\u2019un des groupes de minorit\u00e9s visibles<\/a>, parmi lesquels se trouvent les groupes suivants\u00a0: Arabe, Noir, Chinois, Philippin, Latino-Am\u00e9ricain, Asiatique du Sud-Est et Asiatique du Sud. Avant cette mise \u00e0 jour, la seule source fiable d\u2019information sur le march\u00e9 du travail (IMT) concernant les minorit\u00e9s racialis\u00e9es \u00e9tait le recensement, et le plus r\u00e9cent est celui de 2016.<\/p>\r\n

En tant que minorit\u00e9 visible, je me r\u00e9jouissais de cette nouvelle qui signifiait que nous aurions enfin de l\u2019IMT plus \u00e0 jour sur ces groupes de population. Les donn\u00e9es accessibles au public se limitent cependant aux \u00e9chelles nationales et provinciales\u00a0et nous n\u2019avons acc\u00e8s \u00e0 aucune donn\u00e9e infraprovinciale. Malgr\u00e9 ces limites, les changements apport\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019Enqu\u00eate sur la population active offrent de nouvelles perspectives importantes sur les r\u00e9sultats sur le march\u00e9 du travail des minorit\u00e9s visibles.<\/p>\r\n

Selon le recensement de 2016, les personnes appartenant \u00e0 une minorit\u00e9 visible connaissent un taux de ch\u00f4mage plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/a> que les personnes blanches (ni minorit\u00e9 visible ni autochtone). \u00c0 l\u2019inverse, elles pr\u00e9sentent des taux d\u2019emploi l\u00e9g\u00e8rement plus \u00e9lev\u00e9s<\/a>, en partie parce qu\u2019elles ont un niveau d\u2019\u00e9ducation plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/a> et qu\u2019elles sont beaucoup plus jeunes<\/a> que les personnes non racialis\u00e9es.<\/p>\r\n

Les nouvelles donn\u00e9es de l\u2019EPA r\u00e9v\u00e8lent que peu de choses ont chang\u00e9 depuis 2016. Bien que le taux d\u2019emploi de l\u2019ensemble des groupes de minorit\u00e9s racialis\u00e9es soit l\u00e9g\u00e8rement inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui des personnes non racialis\u00e9es (68\u00a0% contre 69\u00a0%), le taux de ch\u00f4mage, lui, augmente de mani\u00e8re constante\u00a0\u2013\u00a0il est actuellement de 9\u00a0%, contre 7\u00a0% pour les personnes non racialis\u00e9es, ce qui est identique aux r\u00e9sultats obtenus en 2016<\/a>, avant la pand\u00e9mie.<\/p>\r\n

Les femmes arabes affichent le taux d\u2019emploi le plus faible et le taux de ch\u00f4mage le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

En mars 2021, le taux d\u2019emploi des groupes racialis\u00e9s \u00e9tait l\u00e9g\u00e8rement inf\u00e9rieur \u00e0 celui des personnes non racialis\u00e9es, soit 68\u00a0% et 69\u00a0% respectivement. L\u2019\u00e9cart est plus important chez les femmes. Les femmes racialis\u00e9es ont un taux d\u2019emploi plus faible, \u00e0 63\u00a0%, contre 66\u00a0% pour les femmes non racialis\u00e9es. Les femmes arabes ont le taux d\u2019emploi le plus bas, \u00e0 46\u00a0%, tandis que les femmes philippines ont le taux le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9, \u00e0 79\u00a0%. Les hommes racialis\u00e9s ont toutefois un taux d\u2019emploi l\u00e9g\u00e8rement plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 que les hommes non racialis\u00e9s, soit 72\u00a0% et 71\u00a0% respectivement, les Asiatiques du Sud ayant le taux d\u2019emploi le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 avec 76\u00a0%.<\/p>\r\n

En outre, le taux de ch\u00f4mage des groupes racialis\u00e9s \u00e9tait plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 que celui des personnes non racialis\u00e9es, soit 9\u00a0% et 8\u00a0% respectivement. Cet \u00e9cart est encore plus important chez les femmes. Les femmes appartenant \u00e0 une minorit\u00e9 visible ont, en moyenne, un taux de ch\u00f4mage de 10\u00a0%, contre 6\u00a0% pour les femmes blanches. Les femmes latino-am\u00e9ricaines, sud-asiatiques et arabes ont le taux de ch\u00f4mage le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9, soit environ 13\u00a0%, tandis que les femmes philippines ont le taux de ch\u00f4mage le plus bas, soit 2\u00a0%. En ce qui concerne les hommes, les Asiatiques du Sud ont le taux de ch\u00f4mage le plus bas, \u00e0 7\u00a0%, tandis que les Arabes ont le taux le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9, \u00e0 12\u00a0%.<\/p>\r\n\tTableau 1 : Taux de ch\u00f4mage et d\u2019emploi par groupes ethniques en mars 2021
\r\n<\/strong>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n
Groupes ethniques<\/strong><\/th>\r\nTaux de ch\u00f4mage\u00a0\u200b(%)<\/strong><\/th>\r\nTaux d\u2019emploi\u200b (%)<\/strong><\/th>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
<\/td>\r\nTotal <\/strong><\/td>\r\nHommes<\/strong><\/td>\r\nFemmes<\/strong><\/td>\r\nTotal<\/strong><\/td>\r\nHommes<\/strong><\/td>\r\nFemmes<\/strong><\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Personnes non racialis\u00e9es et non autochtones <\/strong><\/td>\r\n8<\/td>\r\n9<\/td>\r\n6<\/td>\r\n69<\/td>\r\n71<\/td>\r\n66<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Minorit\u00e9s visibles<\/strong>\r\n(multiples)\u00a0<\/strong><\/td>\r\n9<\/td>\r\n9<\/td>\r\n10<\/td>\r\n68<\/td>\r\n72<\/td>\r\n63<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Arab\u200bes<\/strong><\/td>\r\n12<\/td>\r\n12<\/td>\r\n13<\/td>\r\n60<\/td>\r\n71<\/td>\r\n46<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Noir\u200bs<\/strong><\/td>\r\n11<\/td>\r\n11<\/td>\r\n11<\/td>\r\n69<\/td>\r\n71<\/td>\r\n67<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Chinois\u200b<\/strong><\/td>\r\n10<\/td>\r\n10<\/td>\r\n10<\/td>\r\n64<\/td>\r\n68<\/td>\r\n61<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Philippins<\/strong><\/td>\r\n5<\/td>\r\n8<\/td>\r\n2<\/td>\r\n77<\/td>\r\n74<\/td>\r\n79<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Latino-Am\u00e9ricain\u200bs<\/strong><\/td>\r\n12<\/td>\r\n11<\/td>\r\n13<\/td>\r\n65<\/td>\r\n70<\/td>\r\n60<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Asiatiques du Sud<\/strong><\/td>\r\n10<\/td>\r\n7<\/td>\r\n13<\/td>\r\n68<\/td>\r\n76<\/td>\r\n60<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n
Asiatiques du Sud-Est<\/strong><\/td>\r\n10<\/td>\r\n8<\/td>\r\n11<\/td>\r\n63<\/td>\r\n70<\/td>\r\n57<\/td>\r\n<\/tr>\r\n<\/tbody>\r\n<\/table>\r\n

Source<\/em>\u00a0: CIMT; Statistique Canada<\/em><\/p>\r\n\t

La voie \u00e0 suivre<\/strong><\/p>\r\n

L\u2019ajout de renseignements sur les minorit\u00e9s visibles \u00e0 l\u2019Enqu\u00eate sur la population active contribue \u00e0 r\u00e9duire une lacune importante d\u2019IMT<\/a> en ce qui a trait aux donn\u00e9es actuelles sur le march\u00e9 du travail des groupes racialis\u00e9s. Les nouvelles donn\u00e9es disponibles viennent \u00e9tayer les recherches existantes d\u00e9montrant que les femmes racialis\u00e9es vivent un double d\u00e9savantage<\/a> sur le march\u00e9 du travail (en raison de leur sexe et de leur appartenance \u00e0 un groupe des minorit\u00e9s visibles). Ces conclusions pr\u00e9liminaires de l\u2019EPA confirment \u00e9galement la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de mener plus de recherches approfondies sur les obstacles rencontr\u00e9s par certains groupes racialis\u00e9s, notamment afin de comprendre pourquoi le taux d\u2019emploi des femmes arabes est consid\u00e9rablement plus faible que celui des autres groupes.<\/p>\r\n

Pour bien comprendre les incidences de la COVID-19 sur les minorit\u00e9s racialis\u00e9es, nous devons disposer d\u2019informations locales et granulaires<\/a> sur le march\u00e9 du travail, en particulier pour les secteurs et les professions regroupant le plus de personnes des minorit\u00e9s racialis\u00e9es. Le CIMT continuera d\u2019analyser ces donn\u00e9es \u00e0 mesure qu\u2019elles seront disponibles. Restez \u00e0 l\u2019aff\u00fbt, dans les mois \u00e0 venir nous publierons d\u2019autres analyses sur le sujet.<\/p>\r\n\t\t\t\t\"bolanie\"\r\n\t

Bolanle Alake-Apata est \u00e9conomiste au CIMT. Son travail se concentre sur la recherche d\u2019information sur le march\u00e9 du travail \u00e0 l\u2019intention des nouveaux immigrants et des \u00e9tudiants.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\r\n

bolanle.alake-apata@lmic-cimt.ca<\/a><\/p>\r\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Depuis juillet 2020, l\u2019Enqu\u00eate sur la population active (EPA) du Canada demande aux r\u00e9pondants d\u2019indiquer s\u2019ils appartiennent \u00e0 l\u2019un des groupes de minorit\u00e9s visibles, parmi lesquels se trouvent les groupes suivants\u00a0: Arabe, Noir, Chinois, Philippin, Latino-Am\u00e9ricain, Asiatique du Sud-Est et Asiatique du Sud. Avant cette mise \u00e0 jour, la seule source fiable d\u2019information sur le…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":11224,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[266],"tags":[541,362,456,603,602],"class_list":["post-11227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blogue","tag-chomage","tag-covid-19","tag-emplois","tag-groupes-sous-representes","tag-minorites-visibles"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nFemmes racialis\u00e9es : un double d\u00e9savantage — LMIC-CIMT<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lmic-cimt.ca\/fr\/femmes-racialisees-un-double-desavantage\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Femmes racialis\u00e9es : un double d\u00e9savantage — LMIC-CIMT\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Depuis juillet 2020, l\u2019Enqu\u00eate sur la population active (EPA) du Canada demande aux r\u00e9pondants d\u2019indiquer s\u2019ils appartiennent \u00e0 l\u2019un des groupes de minorit\u00e9s visibles, parmi lesquels se trouvent les groupes suivants\u00a0: Arabe, Noir, Chinois, Philippin, Latino-Am\u00e9ricain, Asiatique du Sud-Est et Asiatique du Sud. 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