Future of work

Post-secondary institutions and Canadian immigration policy have become increasingly dependent on the growing number of international students attending Canadian schools. International students are often perceived as ideal candidates to fill the country’s labour shortages. However, many international students face challenges upon graduation when seeking work and deciding whether to stay in Canada or seek employment elsewhere. Five major barriers were identified:

1. Policies and procedures: Slow processing times for work permits, inconsistent and confusing government policies and exclusion from work-integrated learning opportunities like co-op and paid internships left many with narrow employment options.
2. Economic context and competition: The economic downturn fueled by the pandemic resulted in fewer job prospects and increased competition with peers who did not face work permit issues.
3. Cultural challenges: Employer biases, gender discrimination and difficulties in understanding Canadian workplace culture pushed many to consider returning home for better employment opportunities.
4. Language: Lack of English fluency was an impediment to job readiness and communication in the employment search.
5. Life Circumstances: Focus on school left very little time for planning for post-graduation or career development opportunities.

In response to these challenges, the authors recommend streamlined employment policies and visa conditions, as well as coordination among employers, community agencies and post-secondary institutions to develop and promote work experience opportunities that support international students in accessing work experience while studying and post-graduation.