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Future of work

A curated resource of recent research on trends shaping Canada's labour market.

The challenge of designing income support programs for the self-employed. Toronto/Montreal: Finances of the Nation.

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This article reports that between February and April 2020, aggregate hours worked by self-employed individuals fell by 57% among the unincorporated, and by 52% among the incorporated. In comparison, aggregate hours worked by paid employees in the private sector fell by 33% and in the public sector by 17%. This article emphasizes, however, that self-employed individuals are a diverse group not easily characterized. Since the data is far from ideal, before developing any long-term policy or support programs for this segment of the Canadian workforce, we need to better understand the workflow, incomes and behavioural responses of self-employed people. So far, the Canada Recovery Benefit (CRB) has been an important source of support during the pandemic, particularly for those with no employees.

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2025 | The Conference Board of Canada
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2025 | Munro, D., & Lamb C.
Key Takeaway: Work-integrated learning programs that are short, flexible and less resource-intensive increase opportunities for students to develop professional skills and networks.
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2024 | Cukier, W., Saiphoo, A., & Parkin, A.
Key Takeaway: There is an urgent need for employers to develop artificial intelligence (AI) policies and to implement training for the use of AI tools at work.
January, 2025 | Health Canada
Key Takeaway: There’s a significant gap between the supply and the demand for health-care workers in Canada, which is expected to worsen without intervention.
2024 | Bright, J., Enock, F.E., Esnaashari, S., Francis, J., Hashem, Y. and Morgan, D.
Key Takeaway: Generative artificial intelligence is becoming embedded in the everyday work of many sectors—including the public sector.
April, 2024 | Vernède, S., Trzcinski, J. & Pietruszka, M.
Key Takeaway: The availability of both green jobs and jobs requiring green skills is outpacing the number of workers with the right skills.
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