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Future of work

A curated resource of recent research on trends shaping Canada's labour market.

Job polarization in Canada. Toronto, ON: Future Skills Centre.

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Key Takeaway
As policymakers consider how to build back the economy after the pandemic, addressing the problems created by job polarization must figure in their priorities.

 

Key Takeaway: As policymakers consider how to build back the economy after the pandemic, addressing the problems created by job polarization must figure in their priorities.

The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the phenomenon of job polarization — including automation, offshoring and the growing importance of the gig economy. This report looks at job polarization, with the goal of helping Canadian policymakers and the public better understand the trend, including causes and effects, and how it differs among provinces, industries and workers. As society slowly reopens and businesses resume, there will be no “return” to normal: the pandemic has dragged the future of work into the present. The goal of this report is to create a robust policy ecosystem that supports the mobility needed for workers and employers to navigate the new reality. If “build back better” is to be more than a slogan, it will need to confront the issue of job polarization.

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2025 | The Conference Board of Canada
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2025 | Munro, D., & Lamb C.
Key Takeaway: Work-integrated learning programs that are short, flexible and less resource-intensive increase opportunities for students to develop professional skills and networks.
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2024 | Cukier, W., Saiphoo, A., & Parkin, A.
Key Takeaway: There is an urgent need for employers to develop artificial intelligence (AI) policies and to implement training for the use of AI tools at work.
January, 2025 | Health Canada
Key Takeaway: There’s a significant gap between the supply and the demand for health-care workers in Canada, which is expected to worsen without intervention.
2024 | Bright, J., Enock, F.E., Esnaashari, S., Francis, J., Hashem, Y. and Morgan, D.
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April, 2024 | Vernède, S., Trzcinski, J. & Pietruszka, M.
Key Takeaway: The availability of both green jobs and jobs requiring green skills is outpacing the number of workers with the right skills.
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