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Future of work

A curated resource of recent research on trends shaping Canada's labour market.

The labour market of tomorrow: Projections from the Model of Occupations, Skills, and Technology (MOST).

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Key Takeaway
Over the next decade, the largest job gains are expected in jobs requiring university or college education, as well as in occupations involving skills that are difficult to automate.

 

The Conference Board of Canada has launched a new tool that includes detailed employment projections by occupation, industry and skill requirements for each region. During the pandemic, occupations requiring high school education, occupation-specific training or on-the-job training were the hardest hit in terms of job losses. Over the next decade, significant job gains are expected in occupations requiring university or college education. As well, occupations such as web designer/developer, database analyst, data administrator, computer engineer, and architect are expected to grow. Growth is also forecast in the areas of finance, veterinary services and transportation. 

The skills that will see the greatest increase in demand are those difficult to replicate through automation and technological progress. These include complex problem-solving, systems evaluation, systems analysis, writing and programming skills. Some occupations may benefit from technological progress, such as electronic service technicians, mechanical engineers, computer network technicians, database analysts, data administrators, and computer and information systems managers. Other occupations — including dental technologists, laboratory assistants, data-entry clerks and bookkeepers — may experience job loss from technological advances. 

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April, 2025 | Wang, Z., Shakir, S., Servais, B., Osman, S., Hu, Y., Gamal, Y., Elshrief, M., Cloete, K. J., Mostafa, A., Santos, J., Xia, Y., Chen, C. X., Li, F., Hilal, I. H. I., Elsayed, A. E., Abdallatif, Y., Zhang, H., & Tsiroukis, F.
Key Takeaway: Emerging fields of science could reshape the landscapes of entire industries. Strong guardrails are needed to mitigate potential unintended risks for health, the environment, and labour markets.
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December, 2024 | Public Policy Forum
Key Takeaway: Experts say that harmonizing regulations, modernizing copyright laws, strengthening cybersecurity, and upgrading Canada’s energy infrastructure are crucial for building a strong AI industry.
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January, 2025 | Donald, F. & Janzen, N.
Key Takeaway: Researchers across Canada have been developing predictions and estimates for the potential impacts of tariffs by examining past trade policies and various economic factors.
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March, 2025 | McMillan, H.
Key Takeaway: Tariffs are the latest factor expected to influence the labour market. Understanding how they will affect local labour markets and economies is crucial.
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2025 | The Conference Board of Canada
Key Takeaway: The economy in Yukon is expected to grow by 41% from 2024 to 2045. However, the existing labour supply cannot meet the territory’s current labour demand.
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2025 | Munro, D., & Lamb C.
Key Takeaway: Work-integrated learning programs that are short, flexible and less resource-intensive increase opportunities for students to develop professional skills and networks.
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